Tyrosine is hydroxylated to dopa

Stable Identifier
R-HSA-209823
Type
Reaction [transition]
Species
Homo sapiens
Compartment
cytosol
ReviewStatus
5/5
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Tyrosine is hydroxylated to dopa
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Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the first enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis, as well as being the rate-limiting enzyme in that process. TH requires tetrahydrobiopterin and uses iron as a cofactor in the 3,4-hydroxylation of tyrosine to produce dopa. Four isoforms of TH are expressed in the human brain and all have enzymatic activity (Nagatsu, T, 1989; Lewis, DA et al, 1993).
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
8101641 Four isoforms of tyrosine hydroxylase are expressed in human brain

Lewis, DA, Haycock, JW, Melchitzky, DS

Neuroscience 1993
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Catalyst Activity

tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity of TH:Fe2+ [cytosol]

Physical Entity
TH:Fe2+ [cytosol] (Homo sapiens)
Activity
tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity (GO:0004511)
Orthologous Events
Tyrosine is hydroxylated to dopa (Bos taurus)
Tyrosine is hydroxylated to dopa (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Tyrosine is hydroxylated to dopa (Canis familiaris)
Tyrosine is hydroxylated to dopa (Danio rerio)
Tyrosine is hydroxylated to dopa (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Tyrosine is hydroxylated to dopa (Drosophila melanogaster)
Tyrosine is hydroxylated to dopa (Gallus gallus)
Tyrosine is hydroxylated to dopa (Mus musculus)
Tyrosine is hydroxylated to dopa (Rattus norvegicus)
Tyrosine is hydroxylated to dopa (Sus scrofa)
Tyrosine is hydroxylated to dopa (Xenopus tropicalis)
Authored
Jassal, B  (2008-10-01)
Reviewed
D'Eustachio, P  (2008-05-28)
Created
Jassal, B  (2008-01-08)
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