TLR2 and TLR4 recognize different bacterial cell wall components. While TLR4 is trained onto Gram-negative lipopolysaccharide components, TLR2 - in combination with TLR6 - plays a major role in recognizing peptidoglycan wall products from Gram-positive bacteria, as well as Mycobacterial diacylated lipopeptides. In particular, TLR6 appears to participate in discriminating the subtle differences between dipalmitoyl and tripalmitoyl cysteinyl residues (Okusawa et al. 2004).
Okusawa, T, Fujita, M, Nakamura, J, Into, T, Yasuda, M, Yoshimura, A, Hara, Y, Hasebe, A, Golenbock, DT, Morita, M, Kuroki, Y, Ogawa, T, Shibata, K
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