Unknown carnitine exporter transports CAR from the cytosol to the extracellular space

Stable Identifier
R-HSA-164967
Type
Reaction [uncertain]
Species
Homo sapiens
Compartment
cytosol, extracellular region
Synonyms
carnitine [cytosol] -> carnitine [extracellular]
ReviewStatus
5/5
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Unknown carnitine exporter transports CAR from the cytosol to the extracellular space
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Studies of carnitine (CAR) export from intact rat liver indicate that this process is mediated by a specific, saturable transporter molecule (Sandor et al. 1985). The transporter that mediates this process in human tissues has not been identified, but its properties are distinct from those of SLC22A5 / OCTN2, the major transport protein responsible for carnitine uptake (Tamai et al. 1998; Wu et al. 1999). Indeed, as noted by Vaz & Wanders (2002), export of carnitine and its metabolites is probably mediated by another transport system, or possibly by passive diffusion.
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
10454528 Functional characteristics and tissue distribution pattern of organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2), an organic cation/carnitine transporter

Wu, X, Huang, W, Prasad, PD, Seth, P, Rajan, DP, Leibach, FH, Chen, J, Conway, SJ, Ganapathy, V

J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999
9685390 Molecular and functional identification of sodium ion-dependent, high-affinity human carnitine transporter OCTN2

Tamai, I, Ohashi, R, Nezu, J, Yabuuchi, H, Oku, A, Shimane, M, Sai, Y, Tsuji, A

J Biol Chem 1998
4005277 Release of carnitine from the perfused rat liver

Sandor, A, Kispal, G, Melegh, B, Alkonyi, I

Biochim Biophys Acta 1985
11802770 Carnitine biosynthesis in mammals

Vaz, FM, Wanders, RJA

Biochem J 2002
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Output
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Event Information
Go Biological Process
carnitine transmembrane transport (1902603)
Catalyst Activity

carnitine transmembrane transporter activity of carnitine exporter [plasma membrane]

Physical Entity
carnitine exporter [plasma membrane] (Homo sapiens)
Activity
carnitine transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0015226)
Cross References
RHEA
Authored
D'Eustachio, P  (2005-07-26)
Reviewed
Jassal, B  (2016-12-23)
Created
D'Eustachio, P  (2005-07-26)
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