Reactome | Unknown carnitine exporter transports CAR from the cytosol to the extracellular space

Unknown carnitine exporter transports CAR from the cytosol to the extracellular space

Stable Identifier

R-HSA-164967

Type

Reaction [uncertain]

Species

Homo sapiens

Compartment

cytosol, extracellular region

Synonyms

carnitine [cytosol] -> carnitine [extracellular]

ReviewStatus

5/5

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Unknown carnitine exporter transports CAR from the cytosol to the extracellular space

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Studies of carnitine (CAR) export from intact rat liver indicate that this process is mediated by a specific, saturable transporter molecule (Sandor et al. 1985). The transporter that mediates this process in human tissues has not been identified, but its properties are distinct from those of SLC22A5 / OCTN2, the major transport protein responsible for carnitine uptake (Tamai et al. 1998; Wu et al. 1999). Indeed, as noted by Vaz & Wanders (2002), export of carnitine and its metabolites is probably mediated by another transport system, or possibly by passive diffusion.

Literature References

PubMed ID	Title	Journal	Year
10454528	Functional characteristics and tissue distribution pattern of organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2), an organic cation/carnitine transporter Rajan, DP, Chen, J, Leibach, FH, Ganapathy, V, Conway, SJ, Seth, P, Huang, W, Prasad, PD, Wu, X	J Pharmacol Exp Ther	1999
9685390	Molecular and functional identification of sodium ion-dependent, high-affinity human carnitine transporter OCTN2 Oku, A, Shimane, M, Nezu, J, Tamai, I, Yabuuchi, H, Tsuji, A, Sai, Y, Ohashi, R	J Biol Chem	1998
4005277	Release of carnitine from the perfused rat liver Alkonyi, I, Kispal, G, Sandor, A, Melegh, B	Biochim Biophys Acta	1985
11802770	Carnitine biosynthesis in mammals Vaz, FM, Wanders, RJA	Biochem J	2002