The liver, and to a lesser extent the kidney and intestine, are the major organs implicated in the elimination of acetaminophen (APAP, aka paracetamol) (McGill & Jaeschke 2013). Glucuronidation is the main route of APAP elimination, accounting for 45-55% of APAP metabolism, and is mediated by UGT1A1, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, UGT2B15 in the liver and UGT1A10 in the gut (Mutlib et al. 2006, Court et al. 2001, Navarro et al. 2011). Glucuronidation renders APAP more water-soluble, facilitating its elimination from the body.
Greenblatt, DJ, Patten, CJ, Duan, SX, von Moltke, LL, Court, MH, Miners, JO, Mackenzie, PI
Kulkarni, S, Kostrubsky, S, Mutlib, AE, Williams, JA, Goosen, TC, Bauman, JN
Potter, JD, Lampe, JW, Navarro, SL, King, IB, Chen, Y, Li, SS, Bigler, J, Chang, JL, Li, L, Schwarz, Y
glucuronosyltransferase activity of UGTs (APAP substrate) [endoplasmic reticulum membrane]
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