Toggle navigation
About
What is Reactome ?
News
Team
Scientific Advisory Board
Funding
Editorial Calendar
Release Calendar
Statistics
Our Logo
License Agreement
Privacy Notice
Disclaimer
Digital Preservation
Contact us
Content
Table of Contents
DOIs
Data Schema
Reactome Research Spotlight
ORCID Integration Project
COVID-19 Disease Pathways
Docs
Userguide
Pathway Browser
How do I search ?
Details Panel
Analysis Tools
Analysis Data
Analysis Gene Expression
Species Comparison
Tissue Distribution
Diseases
Cytomics
Review Status of Reactome Events
ReactomeFIViz
Developer's Zone
Graph Database
Analysis Service
Content Service
Pathways Overview
Pathway Diagrams
Icon Info
EHLD Specs & Guidelines
Icon Library Guidelines
Data Model
Curator Guide
Release Documentation
Computationally inferred events
FAQ
Linking to Us
Citing us
Tools
Pathway Browser
Analyse gene list
Analyse gene expression
Species Comparison
Tissue Distribution
Analysis Service
Content Service
ReactomeFIViz
Advanced Data Search
Site Search
Community
Contribute Pathway Knowledge
Icon Library
Outreach
Events
Publications
Partners
Contributors
Resources Guide
Download
About
What is Reactome ?
News
Team
Scientific Advisory Board
Funding
Editorial Calendar
Release Calendar
Statistics
Our Logo
License Agreement
Privacy Notice
Disclaimer
Digital Preservation
Contact us
Content
Table of Contents
DOIs
Data Schema
Reactome Research Spotlight
ORCID Integration Project
COVID-19 Disease Pathways
Docs
Userguide
Pathway Browser
How do I search ?
Details Panel
Analysis Tools
Analysis Data
Analysis Gene Expression
Species Comparison
Tissue Distribution
Diseases
Cytomics
Review Status of Reactome Events
ReactomeFIViz
Developer's Zone
Graph Database
Analysis Service
Content Service
Pathways Overview
Pathway Diagrams
Icon Info
EHLD Specs & Guidelines
Icon Library Guidelines
Data Model
Curator Guide
Release Documentation
Computationally inferred events
FAQ
Linking to Us
Citing us
Tools
Pathway Browser
Analyse gene list
Analyse gene expression
Species Comparison
Tissue Distribution
Analysis Service
Content Service
ReactomeFIViz
Advanced Data Search
Site Search
Community
Contribute Pathway Knowledge
Icon Library
Outreach
Events
Publications
Partners
Contributors
Resources Guide
Download
Search ...
Go!
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Stable Identifier
R-ALL-113529
Type
Chemical Compound [SimpleEntity]
Compartment
mitochondrial matrix
Synonyms
hydron
Icon
Locations in the PathwayBrowser
for Species:
Homo sapiens
Bos taurus
Caenorhabditis elegans
Canis familiaris
Danio rerio
Dictyostelium discoideum
Drosophila melanogaster
Gallus gallus
Mus musculus
Plasmodium falciparum
Rattus norvegicus
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Sus scrofa
Xenopus tropicalis
Expand all
Cellular responses to stimuli (Bos taurus)
Cellular responses to stress (Bos taurus)
Cellular response to chemical stress (Bos taurus)
Cytoprotection by HMOX1 (Bos taurus)
Electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species (Bos taurus)
GSR catalyzes glutathione (oxidized) + NADPH + H+ => 2 glutathione (reduced) + NADP+ (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SOD2 catalyzes 2H+ + 2O2.- => O2 + H2O2 (mitochondrial matrix) (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
TXNRD2 catalyzes the reduction of TXN2 by NADPH (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Gene expression (Transcription) (Bos taurus)
RNA Polymerase II Transcription (Bos taurus)
Generic Transcription Pathway (Bos taurus)
Transcriptional Regulation by TP53 (Bos taurus)
TP53 Regulates Metabolic Genes (Bos taurus)
Electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism (Bos taurus)
Aerobic respiration and respiratory electron transport (Bos taurus)
Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle) (Bos taurus)
CS acetylates OA to citrate (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
MDH2 dimer dehydrogenates MAL (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Maturation of TCA enzymes and regulation of TCA cycle (Bos taurus)
ACAT1 tetramer acetylates IDH2 dimer (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CSKMT methylates Citrate Synthase (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
NNT dimer transfers proton from NADPH to NAD+ (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
OGDH complex synthesizes succinyl-CoA from 2-OG (Bos taurus)
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
OGDH dimer decarboxylates 2-OG (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Formation of ATP by chemiosmotic coupling (Bos taurus)
Enzyme-bound ATP is released (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mitochondrial Uncoupling (Bos taurus)
AAC1 imports a proton (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
UCP1 imports a proton (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Pyruvate metabolism (Bos taurus)
FAHD1 dimer hydrolyses OA to PYR (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PC carboxylates PYR to OA (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PDH complex synthesizes acetyl-CoA from PYR (Bos taurus)
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PDH E1 decarboxylates PYR, transferring acetyl to DLAT (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Regulation of pyruvate metabolism (Bos taurus)
Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex (Bos taurus)
GSTZ1 dimer dehalogenates DCA (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PDK isozymes phosphorylate PDHC subunit E1 (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Respiratory electron transport (Bos taurus)
Complex I oxidises NADH to NAD+, reduces CoQ to CoQH2 (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c of complex III (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Malate-aspartate shuttle (Bos taurus)
MDH2 dimer dehydrogenates MAL (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC25A12,13 exchange L-Glu and L-Asp (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC25A18,22 import L-Glu, H+ (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Biological oxidations (Bos taurus)
Phase I - Functionalization of compounds (Bos taurus)
Cytochrome P450 - arranged by substrate type (Bos taurus)
Endogenous sterols (Bos taurus)
CYP11A1 cleaves 20a,22b-DHCHOL (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP11B1 oxidises 11DCORT (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP11B2 18-hydroxylates CORST to 18HCORST (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP11B2 oxidises 11DCORST to CORST (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP11B2 oxidises 18HCORST to ALDO (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP27A1 27-hydroxylates CHOL (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Vitamins (Bos taurus)
CYP24A1 24-hydroxylates CTL (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Ethanol oxidation (Bos taurus)
ALDH1B1 tetramer oxidises CH3CHO to CH3COOH (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
acetaldehyde + NAD+ => acetate + NADH + H+ [mitochondrial] (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives (Bos taurus)
Aspartate and asparagine metabolism (Bos taurus)
NAT8L transfers acetyl group from Ac-CoA to L-Asp, forming NAASP (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC25A12,13 exchange L-Glu and L-Asp (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Branched-chain amino acid catabolism (Bos taurus)
BCKDH synthesizes BCAA-CoA from KIC, KMVA, KIV (Bos taurus)
BCKDHA:BCKDHB tetramer decarboxylates KIC, KMVA, KIV (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
BCKDK phosphorylates BCKDH (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methyl-beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA + NAD+ <=> alpha-methylacetoacetyl-CoA + NADH + H+ (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methylacetoacetyl-CoA + NADH + H+ <=> alpha-methyl-beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA + NAD+ (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methylbutyryl-CoA + FAD => tiglyl-CoA + FADH2 (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + NAD+ <=> methylmalonyl semialdehyde + NADH + H+ (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA + H2O => beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + CoA (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA + ATP + HCO3- <=> beta-methylglutaconyl-CoA + ADP + orthophosphate + H2O (MCCA) (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-methylglutaconyl-CoA + ADP + orthophosphate <=> beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA + ATP + HCO3- (MCCA) (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
isobutyryl-CoA + FAD => methacrylyl-CoA + FADH2 (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
isovaleryl-CoA + FAD => beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA + FADH2 (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
methylmalonate semialdehyde + NAD+ + CoA + H2O => propionyl-CoA + HCO3- + NADH + H+ (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
methylmalonyl semialdehyde + NADH + H+ <=> beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + NAD+ (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Glutamate and glutamine metabolism (Bos taurus)
PYCR1 decamer reduces (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate to L-Pro (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-ketoglutarate + NH4+ + NAD(P)H + H+ <=> glutamate + NAD(P)+ (GLUD1,2) (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
glutamate + ATP + NADPH + H+ => L-glutamate gamma-semialdehyde + NADP+ + ADP + orthophosphate [P5CS] (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
glutamate + NAD(P)+ => alpha-ketoglutarate + NH4+ + NAD(P)H + H+ (GLUD1,2) (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Glyoxylate metabolism and glycine degradation (Bos taurus)
ALDH4A1 dimer dehydrogenates 4-OH-L-glutamate semialdehyde to 4-OH-L-glutamate (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Glycine degradation (Bos taurus)
DLD dimer:2xFAD oxidises GCSH:DHLL to GCSH:lipoate (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Lysine catabolism (Bos taurus)
HYKK phosphorylates 5HLYS (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
OADH complex synthesizes glutaryl-CoA from 2-OA (Bos taurus)
DHTKD1 dimer decarboxylates 2-OA (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-aminoadipoate semialdehyde + NAD+ => alpha-aminoadipate + NADH + H+ (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
lysine + alpha-ketoglutarate +NADPH + H+ => saccharopine + NADP+ + H2O (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
saccharopine + NAD+ + H2O => alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde + glutamate + NADH + H+ (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Proline catabolism (Bos taurus)
ALDH4A1 oxidises L-GluSS to Glu (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PRODH oxidises L-Pro to 1PYR-5COOH (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Sulfur amino acid metabolism (Bos taurus)
Degradation of cysteine and homocysteine (Bos taurus)
Sulfide oxidation to sulfate (Bos taurus)
Persulfide sulfur is dioxygenated (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Thiosulfate can transfer its sulfur atom to glutathione (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of carbohydrates (Bos taurus)
Glucose metabolism (Bos taurus)
Gluconeogenesis (Bos taurus)
PC carboxylates PYR to OA (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of lipids (Bos taurus)
Fatty acid metabolism (Bos taurus)
Fatty acyl-CoA biosynthesis (Bos taurus)
2xHSD17B8:2xCBR4 reduces 3OA-ACP to 3HA-ACP (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation (Bos taurus)
mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation of saturated fatty acids (Bos taurus)
Beta oxidation of butanoyl-CoA to acetyl-CoA (Bos taurus)
(S)-Hydroxybutanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>Acetoacetyl-CoA+NADH+H (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of decanoyl-CoA to octanoyl-CoA-CoA (Bos taurus)
(S)-Hydroxydecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxodecanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
MECR dimer reduces tdec2-CoA to DEC-CoA (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of hexanoyl-CoA to butanoyl-CoA (Bos taurus)
(S)-Hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxohexanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of lauroyl-CoA to decanoyl-CoA-CoA (Bos taurus)
(S)-3-Hydroxydodecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxododecanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of myristoyl-CoA to lauroyl-CoA (Bos taurus)
(S)-3-Hydroxytetradecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxotetradecanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of octanoyl-CoA to hexanoyl-CoA (Bos taurus)
(S)-Hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxooctanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA to myristoyl-CoA (Bos taurus)
(S)-3-Hydroxyhexadecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxopalmitoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (Bos taurus)
Reduction of 2-trans-4-cis-decadienoyl-CoA to form 3-trans-decenoyl-CoA (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Ketone body metabolism (Bos taurus)
Synthesis of Ketone Bodies (Bos taurus)
acetoacetic acid + NADH + H+ <=> beta-hydroxybutyrate + NAD+ (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Utilization of Ketone Bodies (Bos taurus)
D-beta hydroxybutyrate+NAD+ <=> acetoacetate+NADH+H+ (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of steroids (Bos taurus)
Bile acid and bile salt metabolism (Bos taurus)
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts (Bos taurus)
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterol (Bos taurus)
3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24(S)-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24(S)-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate (TetraHCA) (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
3alpha,7alpha,24(S)-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,24(S)-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate (3,7,24THCA) (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24(S),27-pentol is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24(S)-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24(S)-tetrol is hydroxylated to 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24(S), 27-pentol (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,24(S),27-tetrol is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,24(S)-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP27A1 27-hydroxylates 5β-CHOL3α,7α,24(s)-triol (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 27-hydroxycholesterol (Bos taurus)
CYP27A1 27-hydroxylates CHOL (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol (Bos taurus)
3alpha, 7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-al is oxidized to 3alpha, 7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate (DHCA) (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate (THCA) (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
5beta-cholestan-3alpha, 7alpha, 26-triol is oxidized to 3alpha, 7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-al (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
5beta-cholestan-3alpha, 7alpha-diol is hydroxylated to 5beta-cholestan-3alpha, 7alpha, 26-triol (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,27-tetrol is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP27A1 27-hydroxylates 5bCHOL3a,7a,12a-triol (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of steroid hormones (Bos taurus)
Estrogen biosynthesis (Bos taurus)
AKR1B15 reduces EST17b to E1 (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Glucocorticoid biosynthesis (Bos taurus)
CYP11B1 oxidises 11DCORT (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mineralocorticoid biosynthesis (Bos taurus)
CYP11B2 18-hydroxylates CORST to 18HCORST (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP11B2 oxidises 11DCORST to CORST (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP11B2 oxidises 18HCORST to ALDO (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Pregnenolone biosynthesis (Bos taurus)
CYP11A1 cleaves 20a,22b-DHCHOL (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Oxidation of 22beta-hydroxycholesterol to 20alpha,22beta-hydroxycholesterol (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Oxidation of cholesterol to 22beta-hydroxycholesterol (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of porphyrins (Bos taurus)
Heme biosynthesis (Bos taurus)
ALAS condenses SUCC-CoA and Gly to form dALA (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
FECH binds Fe2+ to PRIN9 to form heme (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of vitamins and cofactors (Bos taurus)
Metabolism of cofactors (Bos taurus)
Ubiquinol biosynthesis (Bos taurus)
COQ3 methylates DHDB (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ3 methylates DeMQ10H2 (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ4 decarboxylates MHDB (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ5 methylates MDMQ10H2 (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ6 hydroxylates DHB (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ7:COQ9 octamer hydroxylates DMQ10H2 (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of water-soluble vitamins and cofactors (Bos taurus)
Cobalamin (Cbl, vitamin B12) transport and metabolism (Bos taurus)
Cobalamin (Cbl) metabolism (Bos taurus)
MMAB adenosylates cob(I)alamin (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of folate and pterines (Bos taurus)
ALDH1L2 dehydrogenates 10-formyl-THFPG to THFPG (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Nicotinate metabolism (Bos taurus)
NADK2 dimer phosphorylates NAD+ to NADP+ (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Nicotinamide salvaging (Bos taurus)
CARKD dehydrates S-NAD(P)HX to NADPH (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis (Bos taurus)
Electron transport from NADPH to Ferredoxin (Bos taurus)
FDXR transfers electrons to FDX1,2 (FDX1L) (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
NADPH transfers electrons to FDXR (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide (Bos taurus)
Carbonic anhydrase dehydrates bicarbonate (mitochondria) (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Carbonic anhydrase hydrates carbon dioxide (mitochondria) (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of proteins (Bos taurus)
Post-translational protein modification (Bos taurus)
Protein lipoylation (Bos taurus)
LIAS synthesizes lipoyl-GCSH (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
LIPT2 transfers octanoyl group to GCSH (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Muscle contraction (Bos taurus)
Smooth Muscle Contraction (Bos taurus)
ALDH2 transforms GTN to NO (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Neuronal System (Bos taurus)
Transmission across Chemical Synapses (Bos taurus)
Neurotransmitter clearance (Bos taurus)
Serotonin clearance from the synaptic cleft (Bos taurus)
Metabolism of serotonin (Bos taurus)
5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde to 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Neurotransmitter release cycle (Bos taurus)
GABA synthesis, release, reuptake and degradation (Bos taurus)
Degradation of GABA (Bos taurus)
ALDH5A1 dehydrogenates SUCCSA to SUCCA (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Signal Transduction (Bos taurus)
Signaling by Nuclear Receptors (Bos taurus)
Signaling by Retinoic Acid (Bos taurus)
PDK isozymes phosphorylate PDHC subunit E1 (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Transport of small molecules (Bos taurus)
Ion channel transport (Bos taurus)
Stimuli-sensing channels (Bos taurus)
SLC9B2 exchanges Na+ for H+ (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Iron uptake and transport (Bos taurus)
FTMT 24mer oxidises 4Fe2+ to 4Fe(3+)O(OH) (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC-mediated transmembrane transport (Bos taurus)
Transport of inorganic cations/anions and amino acids/oligopeptides (Bos taurus)
Organic anion transporters (Bos taurus)
SLC25A18,22 import L-Glu, H+ (Bos taurus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Cellular responses to stimuli (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Cellular responses to stress (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Cellular response to chemical stress (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species (Caenorhabditis elegans)
GSR catalyzes glutathione (oxidized) + NADPH + H+ => 2 glutathione (reduced) + NADP+ (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SOD2 catalyzes 2H+ + 2O2.- => O2 + H2O2 (mitochondrial matrix) (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
TXNRD2 catalyzes the reduction of TXN2 by NADPH (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Aerobic respiration and respiratory electron transport (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle) (Caenorhabditis elegans)
CS acetylates OA to citrate (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
MDH2 dimer dehydrogenates MAL (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Maturation of TCA enzymes and regulation of TCA cycle (Caenorhabditis elegans)
ACAT1 tetramer acetylates IDH2 dimer (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
NNT dimer transfers proton from NADPH to NAD+ (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
OGDH complex synthesizes succinyl-CoA from 2-OG (Caenorhabditis elegans)
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
OGDH dimer decarboxylates 2-OG (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Formation of ATP by chemiosmotic coupling (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Enzyme-bound ATP is released (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mitochondrial Uncoupling (Caenorhabditis elegans)
AAC1 imports a proton (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Pyruvate metabolism (Caenorhabditis elegans)
FAHD1 dimer hydrolyses OA to PYR (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
LDHAL6B reduces PYR to LACT (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PC carboxylates PYR to OA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PDH complex synthesizes acetyl-CoA from PYR (Caenorhabditis elegans)
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PDH E1 decarboxylates PYR, transferring acetyl to DLAT (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Regulation of pyruvate metabolism (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex (Caenorhabditis elegans)
GSTZ1 dimer dehalogenates DCA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PDK isozymes phosphorylate PDHC subunit E1 (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Respiratory electron transport (Caenorhabditis elegans)
ETFDH oxidises ETF (reduced) to ETF, reduces CoQ to CoQH2 (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c of complex III (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Malate-aspartate shuttle (Caenorhabditis elegans)
MDH2 dimer dehydrogenates MAL (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC25A12,13 exchange L-Glu and L-Asp (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC25A18,22 import L-Glu, H+ (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Biological oxidations (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Phase I - Functionalization of compounds (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Ethanol oxidation (Caenorhabditis elegans)
ALDH1B1 tetramer oxidises CH3CHO to CH3COOH (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
acetaldehyde + NAD+ => acetate + NADH + H+ [mitochondrial] (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Aspartate and asparagine metabolism (Caenorhabditis elegans)
SLC25A12,13 exchange L-Glu and L-Asp (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Branched-chain amino acid catabolism (Caenorhabditis elegans)
BCKDH synthesizes BCAA-CoA from KIC, KMVA, KIV (Caenorhabditis elegans)
BCKDHA:BCKDHB tetramer decarboxylates KIC, KMVA, KIV (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methyl-beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA + NAD+ <=> alpha-methylacetoacetyl-CoA + NADH + H+ (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methylacetoacetyl-CoA + NADH + H+ <=> alpha-methyl-beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA + NAD+ (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methylbutyryl-CoA + FAD => tiglyl-CoA + FADH2 (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + NAD+ <=> methylmalonyl semialdehyde + NADH + H+ (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA + H2O => beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + CoA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA + ATP + HCO3- <=> beta-methylglutaconyl-CoA + ADP + orthophosphate + H2O (MCCA) (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-methylglutaconyl-CoA + ADP + orthophosphate <=> beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA + ATP + HCO3- (MCCA) (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
isobutyryl-CoA + FAD => methacrylyl-CoA + FADH2 (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
isovaleryl-CoA + FAD => beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA + FADH2 (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
methylmalonate semialdehyde + NAD+ + CoA + H2O => propionyl-CoA + HCO3- + NADH + H+ (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
methylmalonyl semialdehyde + NADH + H+ <=> beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + NAD+ (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Glutamate and glutamine metabolism (Caenorhabditis elegans)
PYCR1 decamer reduces (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate to L-Pro (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-ketoglutarate + NH4+ + NAD(P)H + H+ <=> glutamate + NAD(P)+ (GLUD1,2) (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
glutamate + ATP + NADPH + H+ => L-glutamate gamma-semialdehyde + NADP+ + ADP + orthophosphate [P5CS] (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
glutamate + NAD(P)+ => alpha-ketoglutarate + NH4+ + NAD(P)H + H+ (GLUD1,2) (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Glyoxylate metabolism and glycine degradation (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Glycine degradation (Caenorhabditis elegans)
DLD dimer:2xFAD oxidises GCSH:DHLL to GCSH:lipoate (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Lysine catabolism (Caenorhabditis elegans)
OADH complex synthesizes glutaryl-CoA from 2-OA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
DHTKD1 dimer decarboxylates 2-OA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-aminoadipoate semialdehyde + NAD+ => alpha-aminoadipate + NADH + H+ (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
lysine + alpha-ketoglutarate +NADPH + H+ => saccharopine + NADP+ + H2O (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
saccharopine + NAD+ + H2O => alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde + glutamate + NADH + H+ (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Proline catabolism (Caenorhabditis elegans)
PRODH oxidises L-Pro to 1PYR-5COOH (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Sulfur amino acid metabolism (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Degradation of cysteine and homocysteine (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Sulfide oxidation to sulfate (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Persulfide sulfur is dioxygenated (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of carbohydrates (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Glucose metabolism (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Gluconeogenesis (Caenorhabditis elegans)
PC carboxylates PYR to OA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of lipids (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Fatty acid metabolism (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation (Caenorhabditis elegans)
mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation of saturated fatty acids (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Beta oxidation of butanoyl-CoA to acetyl-CoA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
(S)-Hydroxybutanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>Acetoacetyl-CoA+NADH+H (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of decanoyl-CoA to octanoyl-CoA-CoA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
(S)-Hydroxydecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxodecanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
MECR dimer reduces tdec2-CoA to DEC-CoA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of hexanoyl-CoA to butanoyl-CoA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
(S)-Hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxohexanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of lauroyl-CoA to decanoyl-CoA-CoA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
(S)-3-Hydroxydodecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxododecanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of myristoyl-CoA to lauroyl-CoA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
(S)-3-Hydroxytetradecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxotetradecanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of octanoyl-CoA to hexanoyl-CoA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
(S)-Hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxooctanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA to myristoyl-CoA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
(S)-3-Hydroxyhexadecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxopalmitoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Reduction of 2-trans-4-cis-decadienoyl-CoA to form 3-trans-decenoyl-CoA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of steroids (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Metabolism of steroid hormones (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Estrogen biosynthesis (Caenorhabditis elegans)
AKR1B15 reduces EST17b to E1 (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of porphyrins (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Heme biosynthesis (Caenorhabditis elegans)
FECH binds Fe2+ to PRIN9 to form heme (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of vitamins and cofactors (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Metabolism of cofactors (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Ubiquinol biosynthesis (Caenorhabditis elegans)
COQ3 methylates DHDB (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ3 methylates DeMQ10H2 (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ4 decarboxylates MHDB (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ5 methylates MDMQ10H2 (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ6 hydroxylates DHB (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of water-soluble vitamins and cofactors (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Cobalamin (Cbl, vitamin B12) transport and metabolism (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Cobalamin (Cbl) metabolism (Caenorhabditis elegans)
MMAB adenosylates cob(I)alamin (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of folate and pterines (Caenorhabditis elegans)
ALDH1L2 dehydrogenates 10-formyl-THFPG to THFPG (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Nicotinate metabolism (Caenorhabditis elegans)
NADK2 dimer phosphorylates NAD+ to NADP+ (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Nicotinamide salvaging (Caenorhabditis elegans)
CARKD dehydrates S-NAD(P)HX to NADPH (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Electron transport from NADPH to Ferredoxin (Caenorhabditis elegans)
FDXR transfers electrons to FDX1,2 (FDX1L) (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
NADPH transfers electrons to FDXR (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Carbonic anhydrase dehydrates bicarbonate (mitochondria) (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Carbonic anhydrase hydrates carbon dioxide (mitochondria) (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of proteins (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Post-translational protein modification (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Protein lipoylation (Caenorhabditis elegans)
LIPT2 transfers octanoyl group to GCSH (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Muscle contraction (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Smooth Muscle Contraction (Caenorhabditis elegans)
ALDH2 transforms GTN to NO (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Neuronal System (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Transmission across Chemical Synapses (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Neurotransmitter clearance (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Serotonin clearance from the synaptic cleft (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Metabolism of serotonin (Caenorhabditis elegans)
5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde to 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Neurotransmitter release cycle (Caenorhabditis elegans)
GABA synthesis, release, reuptake and degradation (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Degradation of GABA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
ALDH5A1 dehydrogenates SUCCSA to SUCCA (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Signal Transduction (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Signaling by Nuclear Receptors (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Signaling by Retinoic Acid (Caenorhabditis elegans)
PDK isozymes phosphorylate PDHC subunit E1 (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Transport of small molecules (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Ion channel transport (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Stimuli-sensing channels (Caenorhabditis elegans)
SLC9B2 exchanges Na+ for H+ (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Iron uptake and transport (Caenorhabditis elegans)
FTMT 24mer oxidises 4Fe2+ to 4Fe(3+)O(OH) (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC-mediated transmembrane transport (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Transport of inorganic cations/anions and amino acids/oligopeptides (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Organic anion transporters (Caenorhabditis elegans)
SLC25A18,22 import L-Glu, H+ (Caenorhabditis elegans)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Cellular responses to stimuli (Canis familiaris)
Cellular responses to stress (Canis familiaris)
Cellular response to chemical stress (Canis familiaris)
Cytoprotection by HMOX1 (Canis familiaris)
Electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species (Canis familiaris)
GSR catalyzes glutathione (oxidized) + NADPH + H+ => 2 glutathione (reduced) + NADP+ (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SOD2 catalyzes 2H+ + 2O2.- => O2 + H2O2 (mitochondrial matrix) (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Gene expression (Transcription) (Canis familiaris)
RNA Polymerase II Transcription (Canis familiaris)
Generic Transcription Pathway (Canis familiaris)
Transcriptional Regulation by TP53 (Canis familiaris)
TP53 Regulates Metabolic Genes (Canis familiaris)
Electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism (Canis familiaris)
Aerobic respiration and respiratory electron transport (Canis familiaris)
Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle) (Canis familiaris)
CS acetylates OA to citrate (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
MDH2 dimer dehydrogenates MAL (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Maturation of TCA enzymes and regulation of TCA cycle (Canis familiaris)
ACAT1 tetramer acetylates IDH2 dimer (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CSKMT methylates Citrate Synthase (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
NNT dimer transfers proton from NADPH to NAD+ (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
OGDH complex synthesizes succinyl-CoA from 2-OG (Canis familiaris)
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
OGDH dimer decarboxylates 2-OG (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Formation of ATP by chemiosmotic coupling (Canis familiaris)
Enzyme-bound ATP is released (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mitochondrial Uncoupling (Canis familiaris)
AAC1 imports a proton (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
UCP1 imports a proton (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Pyruvate metabolism (Canis familiaris)
FAHD1 dimer hydrolyses OA to PYR (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
LDHAL6B reduces PYR to LACT (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PC carboxylates PYR to OA (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PDH complex synthesizes acetyl-CoA from PYR (Canis familiaris)
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PDH E1 decarboxylates PYR, transferring acetyl to DLAT (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Regulation of pyruvate metabolism (Canis familiaris)
Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex (Canis familiaris)
GSTZ1 dimer dehalogenates DCA (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PDK isozymes phosphorylate PDHC subunit E1 (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Respiratory electron transport (Canis familiaris)
Complex I oxidises NADH to NAD+, reduces CoQ to CoQH2 (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
ETFDH oxidises ETF (reduced) to ETF, reduces CoQ to CoQH2 (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Malate-aspartate shuttle (Canis familiaris)
MDH2 dimer dehydrogenates MAL (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC25A12,13 exchange L-Glu and L-Asp (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC25A18,22 import L-Glu, H+ (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Biological oxidations (Canis familiaris)
Phase I - Functionalization of compounds (Canis familiaris)
Cytochrome P450 - arranged by substrate type (Canis familiaris)
Endogenous sterols (Canis familiaris)
CYP11A1 cleaves 20a,22b-DHCHOL (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP11B1 oxidises 11DCORT (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP11B2 18-hydroxylates CORST to 18HCORST (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP11B2 oxidises 11DCORST to CORST (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP11B2 oxidises 18HCORST to ALDO (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP27A1 27-hydroxylates CHOL (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Vitamins (Canis familiaris)
CYP24A1 24-hydroxylates CTL (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Ethanol oxidation (Canis familiaris)
ALDH1B1 tetramer oxidises CH3CHO to CH3COOH (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
acetaldehyde + NAD+ => acetate + NADH + H+ [mitochondrial] (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives (Canis familiaris)
Aspartate and asparagine metabolism (Canis familiaris)
NAT8L transfers acetyl group from Ac-CoA to L-Asp, forming NAASP (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC25A12,13 exchange L-Glu and L-Asp (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Branched-chain amino acid catabolism (Canis familiaris)
BCKDH synthesizes BCAA-CoA from KIC, KMVA, KIV (Canis familiaris)
BCKDHA:BCKDHB tetramer decarboxylates KIC, KMVA, KIV (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
BCKDK phosphorylates BCKDH (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methyl-beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA + NAD+ <=> alpha-methylacetoacetyl-CoA + NADH + H+ (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methylacetoacetyl-CoA + NADH + H+ <=> alpha-methyl-beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA + NAD+ (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methylbutyryl-CoA + FAD => tiglyl-CoA + FADH2 (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + NAD+ <=> methylmalonyl semialdehyde + NADH + H+ (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA + H2O => beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + CoA (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA + ATP + HCO3- <=> beta-methylglutaconyl-CoA + ADP + orthophosphate + H2O (MCCA) (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-methylglutaconyl-CoA + ADP + orthophosphate <=> beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA + ATP + HCO3- (MCCA) (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
isobutyryl-CoA + FAD => methacrylyl-CoA + FADH2 (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
isovaleryl-CoA + FAD => beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA + FADH2 (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
methylmalonate semialdehyde + NAD+ + CoA + H2O => propionyl-CoA + HCO3- + NADH + H+ (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
methylmalonyl semialdehyde + NADH + H+ <=> beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + NAD+ (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Glutamate and glutamine metabolism (Canis familiaris)
PYCR1 decamer reduces (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate to L-Pro (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-ketoglutarate + NH4+ + NAD(P)H + H+ <=> glutamate + NAD(P)+ (GLUD1,2) (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
glutamate + ATP + NADPH + H+ => L-glutamate gamma-semialdehyde + NADP+ + ADP + orthophosphate [P5CS] (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
glutamate + NAD(P)+ => alpha-ketoglutarate + NH4+ + NAD(P)H + H+ (GLUD1,2) (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Glyoxylate metabolism and glycine degradation (Canis familiaris)
ALDH4A1 dimer dehydrogenates 4-OH-L-glutamate semialdehyde to 4-OH-L-glutamate (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Glycine degradation (Canis familiaris)
DLD dimer:2xFAD oxidises GCSH:DHLL to GCSH:lipoate (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Lysine catabolism (Canis familiaris)
HYKK phosphorylates 5HLYS (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
OADH complex synthesizes glutaryl-CoA from 2-OA (Canis familiaris)
DHTKD1 dimer decarboxylates 2-OA (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-aminoadipoate semialdehyde + NAD+ => alpha-aminoadipate + NADH + H+ (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
lysine + alpha-ketoglutarate +NADPH + H+ => saccharopine + NADP+ + H2O (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
saccharopine + NAD+ + H2O => alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde + glutamate + NADH + H+ (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Proline catabolism (Canis familiaris)
ALDH4A1 oxidises L-GluSS to Glu (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PRODH oxidises L-Pro to 1PYR-5COOH (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Sulfur amino acid metabolism (Canis familiaris)
Degradation of cysteine and homocysteine (Canis familiaris)
Sulfide oxidation to sulfate (Canis familiaris)
Persulfide sulfur is dioxygenated (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Thiosulfate can transfer its sulfur atom to glutathione (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of carbohydrates (Canis familiaris)
Glucose metabolism (Canis familiaris)
Gluconeogenesis (Canis familiaris)
PC carboxylates PYR to OA (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of lipids (Canis familiaris)
Fatty acid metabolism (Canis familiaris)
Fatty acyl-CoA biosynthesis (Canis familiaris)
2xHSD17B8:2xCBR4 reduces 3OA-ACP to 3HA-ACP (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation (Canis familiaris)
mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation of saturated fatty acids (Canis familiaris)
Beta oxidation of butanoyl-CoA to acetyl-CoA (Canis familiaris)
(S)-Hydroxybutanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>Acetoacetyl-CoA+NADH+H (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of decanoyl-CoA to octanoyl-CoA-CoA (Canis familiaris)
(S)-Hydroxydecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxodecanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
MECR dimer reduces tdec2-CoA to DEC-CoA (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of hexanoyl-CoA to butanoyl-CoA (Canis familiaris)
(S)-Hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxohexanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of lauroyl-CoA to decanoyl-CoA-CoA (Canis familiaris)
(S)-3-Hydroxydodecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxododecanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of myristoyl-CoA to lauroyl-CoA (Canis familiaris)
(S)-3-Hydroxytetradecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxotetradecanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of octanoyl-CoA to hexanoyl-CoA (Canis familiaris)
(S)-Hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxooctanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA to myristoyl-CoA (Canis familiaris)
(S)-3-Hydroxyhexadecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxopalmitoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (Canis familiaris)
Reduction of 2-trans-4-cis-decadienoyl-CoA to form 3-trans-decenoyl-CoA (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Ketone body metabolism (Canis familiaris)
Synthesis of Ketone Bodies (Canis familiaris)
acetoacetic acid + NADH + H+ <=> beta-hydroxybutyrate + NAD+ (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Utilization of Ketone Bodies (Canis familiaris)
D-beta hydroxybutyrate+NAD+ <=> acetoacetate+NADH+H+ (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of steroids (Canis familiaris)
Bile acid and bile salt metabolism (Canis familiaris)
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts (Canis familiaris)
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterol (Canis familiaris)
3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24(S)-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24(S)-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate (TetraHCA) (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
3alpha,7alpha,24(S)-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,24(S)-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate (3,7,24THCA) (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24(S),27-pentol is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24(S)-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24(S)-tetrol is hydroxylated to 5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24(S), 27-pentol (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,24(S),27-tetrol is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,24(S)-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP27A1 27-hydroxylates 5β-CHOL3α,7α,24(s)-triol (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 27-hydroxycholesterol (Canis familiaris)
CYP27A1 27-hydroxylates CHOL (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol (Canis familiaris)
3alpha, 7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-al is oxidized to 3alpha, 7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate (DHCA) (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate (THCA) (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
5beta-cholestan-3alpha, 7alpha, 26-triol is oxidized to 3alpha, 7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-al (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
5beta-cholestan-3alpha, 7alpha-diol is hydroxylated to 5beta-cholestan-3alpha, 7alpha, 26-triol (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
5beta-cholestan-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,27-tetrol is oxidized to 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP27A1 27-hydroxylates 5bCHOL3a,7a,12a-triol (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of steroid hormones (Canis familiaris)
Glucocorticoid biosynthesis (Canis familiaris)
CYP11B1 oxidises 11DCORT (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mineralocorticoid biosynthesis (Canis familiaris)
CYP11B2 18-hydroxylates CORST to 18HCORST (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP11B2 oxidises 11DCORST to CORST (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CYP11B2 oxidises 18HCORST to ALDO (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Pregnenolone biosynthesis (Canis familiaris)
CYP11A1 cleaves 20a,22b-DHCHOL (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Oxidation of 22beta-hydroxycholesterol to 20alpha,22beta-hydroxycholesterol (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Oxidation of cholesterol to 22beta-hydroxycholesterol (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of porphyrins (Canis familiaris)
Heme biosynthesis (Canis familiaris)
ALAS condenses SUCC-CoA and Gly to form dALA (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
FECH binds Fe2+ to PRIN9 to form heme (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of vitamins and cofactors (Canis familiaris)
Metabolism of cofactors (Canis familiaris)
Ubiquinol biosynthesis (Canis familiaris)
COQ3 methylates DHDB (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ3 methylates DeMQ10H2 (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ4 decarboxylates MHDB (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ5 methylates MDMQ10H2 (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ6 hydroxylates DHB (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ7:COQ9 octamer hydroxylates DMQ10H2 (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of water-soluble vitamins and cofactors (Canis familiaris)
Cobalamin (Cbl, vitamin B12) transport and metabolism (Canis familiaris)
Cobalamin (Cbl) metabolism (Canis familiaris)
MMAB adenosylates cob(I)alamin (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of folate and pterines (Canis familiaris)
ALDH1L2 dehydrogenates 10-formyl-THFPG to THFPG (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Nicotinate metabolism (Canis familiaris)
NADK2 dimer phosphorylates NAD+ to NADP+ (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Nicotinamide salvaging (Canis familiaris)
CARKD dehydrates S-NAD(P)HX to NADPH (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis (Canis familiaris)
Electron transport from NADPH to Ferredoxin (Canis familiaris)
FDXR transfers electrons to FDX1,2 (FDX1L) (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
NADPH transfers electrons to FDXR (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide (Canis familiaris)
Carbonic anhydrase dehydrates bicarbonate (mitochondria) (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Carbonic anhydrase hydrates carbon dioxide (mitochondria) (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of proteins (Canis familiaris)
Post-translational protein modification (Canis familiaris)
Protein lipoylation (Canis familiaris)
LIAS synthesizes lipoyl-GCSH (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
LIPT2 transfers octanoyl group to GCSH (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Muscle contraction (Canis familiaris)
Smooth Muscle Contraction (Canis familiaris)
ALDH2 transforms GTN to NO (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Neuronal System (Canis familiaris)
Transmission across Chemical Synapses (Canis familiaris)
Neurotransmitter clearance (Canis familiaris)
Serotonin clearance from the synaptic cleft (Canis familiaris)
Metabolism of serotonin (Canis familiaris)
5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde to 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Neurotransmitter release cycle (Canis familiaris)
GABA synthesis, release, reuptake and degradation (Canis familiaris)
Degradation of GABA (Canis familiaris)
ALDH5A1 dehydrogenates SUCCSA to SUCCA (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Signal Transduction (Canis familiaris)
Signaling by Nuclear Receptors (Canis familiaris)
Signaling by Retinoic Acid (Canis familiaris)
PDK isozymes phosphorylate PDHC subunit E1 (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Transport of small molecules (Canis familiaris)
Ion channel transport (Canis familiaris)
Stimuli-sensing channels (Canis familiaris)
SLC9B2 exchanges Na+ for H+ (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Iron uptake and transport (Canis familiaris)
FTMT 24mer oxidises 4Fe2+ to 4Fe(3+)O(OH) (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC-mediated transmembrane transport (Canis familiaris)
Transport of inorganic cations/anions and amino acids/oligopeptides (Canis familiaris)
Organic anion transporters (Canis familiaris)
SLC25A18,22 import L-Glu, H+ (Canis familiaris)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Cellular responses to stimuli (Danio rerio)
Cellular responses to stress (Danio rerio)
Cellular response to chemical stress (Danio rerio)
Cytoprotection by HMOX1 (Danio rerio)
Electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species (Danio rerio)
SOD2 catalyzes 2H+ + 2O2.- => O2 + H2O2 (mitochondrial matrix) (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Gene expression (Transcription) (Danio rerio)
RNA Polymerase II Transcription (Danio rerio)
Generic Transcription Pathway (Danio rerio)
Transcriptional Regulation by TP53 (Danio rerio)
TP53 Regulates Metabolic Genes (Danio rerio)
Electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism (Danio rerio)
Aerobic respiration and respiratory electron transport (Danio rerio)
Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle) (Danio rerio)
CS acetylates OA to citrate (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
MDH2 dimer dehydrogenates MAL (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Maturation of TCA enzymes and regulation of TCA cycle (Danio rerio)
ACAT1 tetramer acetylates IDH2 dimer (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
CSKMT methylates Citrate Synthase (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
NNT dimer transfers proton from NADPH to NAD+ (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
OGDH complex synthesizes succinyl-CoA from 2-OG (Danio rerio)
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
OGDH dimer decarboxylates 2-OG (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Formation of ATP by chemiosmotic coupling (Danio rerio)
Enzyme-bound ATP is released (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mitochondrial Uncoupling (Danio rerio)
AAC1 imports a proton (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
UCP1 imports a proton (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Pyruvate metabolism (Danio rerio)
FAHD1 dimer hydrolyses OA to PYR (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
LDHAL6B reduces PYR to LACT (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PC carboxylates PYR to OA (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Regulation of pyruvate metabolism (Danio rerio)
Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex (Danio rerio)
GSTZ1 dimer dehalogenates DCA (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Respiratory electron transport (Danio rerio)
Complex I oxidises NADH to NAD+, reduces CoQ to CoQH2 (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
ETFDH oxidises ETF (reduced) to ETF, reduces CoQ to CoQH2 (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c of complex III (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Malate-aspartate shuttle (Danio rerio)
MDH2 dimer dehydrogenates MAL (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC25A12,13 exchange L-Glu and L-Asp (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC25A18,22 import L-Glu, H+ (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Biological oxidations (Danio rerio)
Phase I - Functionalization of compounds (Danio rerio)
Cytochrome P450 - arranged by substrate type (Danio rerio)
Endogenous sterols (Danio rerio)
CYP11A1 cleaves 20a,22b-DHCHOL (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Vitamins (Danio rerio)
CYP24A1 24-hydroxylates CTL (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Ethanol oxidation (Danio rerio)
ALDH1B1 tetramer oxidises CH3CHO to CH3COOH (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
acetaldehyde + NAD+ => acetate + NADH + H+ [mitochondrial] (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives (Danio rerio)
Aspartate and asparagine metabolism (Danio rerio)
NAT8L transfers acetyl group from Ac-CoA to L-Asp, forming NAASP (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC25A12,13 exchange L-Glu and L-Asp (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Branched-chain amino acid catabolism (Danio rerio)
BCKDH synthesizes BCAA-CoA from KIC, KMVA, KIV (Danio rerio)
BCKDHA:BCKDHB tetramer decarboxylates KIC, KMVA, KIV (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methyl-beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA + NAD+ <=> alpha-methylacetoacetyl-CoA + NADH + H+ (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methylacetoacetyl-CoA + NADH + H+ <=> alpha-methyl-beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA + NAD+ (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + NAD+ <=> methylmalonyl semialdehyde + NADH + H+ (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA + H2O => beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + CoA (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
isobutyryl-CoA + FAD => methacrylyl-CoA + FADH2 (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
isovaleryl-CoA + FAD => beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA + FADH2 (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
methylmalonate semialdehyde + NAD+ + CoA + H2O => propionyl-CoA + HCO3- + NADH + H+ (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
methylmalonyl semialdehyde + NADH + H+ <=> beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + NAD+ (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Glutamate and glutamine metabolism (Danio rerio)
PYCR1 decamer reduces (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate to L-Pro (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-ketoglutarate + NH4+ + NAD(P)H + H+ <=> glutamate + NAD(P)+ (GLUD1,2) (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
glutamate + NAD(P)+ => alpha-ketoglutarate + NH4+ + NAD(P)H + H+ (GLUD1,2) (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Glyoxylate metabolism and glycine degradation (Danio rerio)
ALDH4A1 dimer dehydrogenates 4-OH-L-glutamate semialdehyde to 4-OH-L-glutamate (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Glycine degradation (Danio rerio)
DLD dimer:2xFAD oxidises GCSH:DHLL to GCSH:lipoate (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Lysine catabolism (Danio rerio)
HYKK phosphorylates 5HLYS (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
OADH complex synthesizes glutaryl-CoA from 2-OA (Danio rerio)
DHTKD1 dimer decarboxylates 2-OA (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-aminoadipoate semialdehyde + NAD+ => alpha-aminoadipate + NADH + H+ (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
lysine + alpha-ketoglutarate +NADPH + H+ => saccharopine + NADP+ + H2O (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
saccharopine + NAD+ + H2O => alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde + glutamate + NADH + H+ (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Proline catabolism (Danio rerio)
ALDH4A1 oxidises L-GluSS to Glu (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Sulfur amino acid metabolism (Danio rerio)
Degradation of cysteine and homocysteine (Danio rerio)
Sulfide oxidation to sulfate (Danio rerio)
Persulfide sulfur is dioxygenated (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of carbohydrates (Danio rerio)
Glucose metabolism (Danio rerio)
Gluconeogenesis (Danio rerio)
PC carboxylates PYR to OA (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of lipids (Danio rerio)
Fatty acid metabolism (Danio rerio)
Fatty acyl-CoA biosynthesis (Danio rerio)
2xHSD17B8:2xCBR4 reduces 3OA-ACP to 3HA-ACP (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation (Danio rerio)
mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation of saturated fatty acids (Danio rerio)
Beta oxidation of butanoyl-CoA to acetyl-CoA (Danio rerio)
(S)-Hydroxybutanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>Acetoacetyl-CoA+NADH+H (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of decanoyl-CoA to octanoyl-CoA-CoA (Danio rerio)
(S)-Hydroxydecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxodecanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
MECR dimer reduces tdec2-CoA to DEC-CoA (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of hexanoyl-CoA to butanoyl-CoA (Danio rerio)
(S)-Hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxohexanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of lauroyl-CoA to decanoyl-CoA-CoA (Danio rerio)
(S)-3-Hydroxydodecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxododecanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of myristoyl-CoA to lauroyl-CoA (Danio rerio)
(S)-3-Hydroxytetradecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxotetradecanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of octanoyl-CoA to hexanoyl-CoA (Danio rerio)
(S)-Hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxooctanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA to myristoyl-CoA (Danio rerio)
(S)-3-Hydroxyhexadecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxopalmitoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Ketone body metabolism (Danio rerio)
Synthesis of Ketone Bodies (Danio rerio)
acetoacetic acid + NADH + H+ <=> beta-hydroxybutyrate + NAD+ (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Utilization of Ketone Bodies (Danio rerio)
D-beta hydroxybutyrate+NAD+ <=> acetoacetate+NADH+H+ (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of steroids (Danio rerio)
Metabolism of steroid hormones (Danio rerio)
Estrogen biosynthesis (Danio rerio)
AKR1B15 reduces EST17b to E1 (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Pregnenolone biosynthesis (Danio rerio)
CYP11A1 cleaves 20a,22b-DHCHOL (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Oxidation of 22beta-hydroxycholesterol to 20alpha,22beta-hydroxycholesterol (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Oxidation of cholesterol to 22beta-hydroxycholesterol (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of porphyrins (Danio rerio)
Heme biosynthesis (Danio rerio)
ALAS condenses SUCC-CoA and Gly to form dALA (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
FECH binds Fe2+ to PRIN9 to form heme (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of vitamins and cofactors (Danio rerio)
Metabolism of cofactors (Danio rerio)
Ubiquinol biosynthesis (Danio rerio)
COQ3 methylates DHDB (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ3 methylates DeMQ10H2 (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ4 decarboxylates MHDB (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ5 methylates MDMQ10H2 (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ6 hydroxylates DHB (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ7:COQ9 octamer hydroxylates DMQ10H2 (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of water-soluble vitamins and cofactors (Danio rerio)
Nicotinate metabolism (Danio rerio)
Nicotinamide salvaging (Danio rerio)
CARKD dehydrates S-NAD(P)HX to NADPH (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis (Danio rerio)
Electron transport from NADPH to Ferredoxin (Danio rerio)
FDXR transfers electrons to FDX1,2 (FDX1L) (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
NADPH transfers electrons to FDXR (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide (Danio rerio)
Carbonic anhydrase dehydrates bicarbonate (mitochondria) (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Carbonic anhydrase hydrates carbon dioxide (mitochondria) (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of proteins (Danio rerio)
Post-translational protein modification (Danio rerio)
Protein lipoylation (Danio rerio)
LIAS synthesizes lipoyl-GCSH (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
LIPT2 transfers octanoyl group to GCSH (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Muscle contraction (Danio rerio)
Smooth Muscle Contraction (Danio rerio)
ALDH2 transforms GTN to NO (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Neuronal System (Danio rerio)
Transmission across Chemical Synapses (Danio rerio)
Neurotransmitter clearance (Danio rerio)
Serotonin clearance from the synaptic cleft (Danio rerio)
Metabolism of serotonin (Danio rerio)
5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde to 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Transport of small molecules (Danio rerio)
Iron uptake and transport (Danio rerio)
FTMT 24mer oxidises 4Fe2+ to 4Fe(3+)O(OH) (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC-mediated transmembrane transport (Danio rerio)
Transport of inorganic cations/anions and amino acids/oligopeptides (Danio rerio)
Organic anion transporters (Danio rerio)
SLC25A18,22 import L-Glu, H+ (Danio rerio)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Cellular responses to stimuli (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Cellular responses to stress (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Cellular response to chemical stress (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species (Dictyostelium discoideum)
GSR catalyzes glutathione (oxidized) + NADPH + H+ => 2 glutathione (reduced) + NADP+ (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SOD2 catalyzes 2H+ + 2O2.- => O2 + H2O2 (mitochondrial matrix) (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Aerobic respiration and respiratory electron transport (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle) (Dictyostelium discoideum)
CS acetylates OA to citrate (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
NNT dimer transfers proton from NADPH to NAD+ (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
OGDH complex synthesizes succinyl-CoA from 2-OG (Dictyostelium discoideum)
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
OGDH dimer decarboxylates 2-OG (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mitochondrial Uncoupling (Dictyostelium discoideum)
AAC1 imports a proton (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Pyruvate metabolism (Dictyostelium discoideum)
FAHD1 dimer hydrolyses OA to PYR (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PDH complex synthesizes acetyl-CoA from PYR (Dictyostelium discoideum)
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PDH E1 decarboxylates PYR, transferring acetyl to DLAT (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Regulation of pyruvate metabolism (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex (Dictyostelium discoideum)
GSTZ1 dimer dehalogenates DCA (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Respiratory electron transport (Dictyostelium discoideum)
ETFDH oxidises ETF (reduced) to ETF, reduces CoQ to CoQH2 (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c of complex III (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Malate-aspartate shuttle (Dictyostelium discoideum)
SLC25A12,13 exchange L-Glu and L-Asp (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC25A18,22 import L-Glu, H+ (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Biological oxidations (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Phase I - Functionalization of compounds (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Ethanol oxidation (Dictyostelium discoideum)
ALDH1B1 tetramer oxidises CH3CHO to CH3COOH (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
acetaldehyde + NAD+ => acetate + NADH + H+ [mitochondrial] (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Aspartate and asparagine metabolism (Dictyostelium discoideum)
NAT8L transfers acetyl group from Ac-CoA to L-Asp, forming NAASP (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC25A12,13 exchange L-Glu and L-Asp (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Branched-chain amino acid catabolism (Dictyostelium discoideum)
BCKDH synthesizes BCAA-CoA from KIC, KMVA, KIV (Dictyostelium discoideum)
BCKDHA:BCKDHB tetramer decarboxylates KIC, KMVA, KIV (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methyl-beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA + NAD+ <=> alpha-methylacetoacetyl-CoA + NADH + H+ (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methylacetoacetyl-CoA + NADH + H+ <=> alpha-methyl-beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA + NAD+ (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methylbutyryl-CoA + FAD => tiglyl-CoA + FADH2 (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + NAD+ <=> methylmalonyl semialdehyde + NADH + H+ (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA + H2O => beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + CoA (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA + ATP + HCO3- <=> beta-methylglutaconyl-CoA + ADP + orthophosphate + H2O (MCCA) (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-methylglutaconyl-CoA + ADP + orthophosphate <=> beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA + ATP + HCO3- (MCCA) (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
isobutyryl-CoA + FAD => methacrylyl-CoA + FADH2 (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
isovaleryl-CoA + FAD => beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA + FADH2 (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
methylmalonate semialdehyde + NAD+ + CoA + H2O => propionyl-CoA + HCO3- + NADH + H+ (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
methylmalonyl semialdehyde + NADH + H+ <=> beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + NAD+ (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Glutamate and glutamine metabolism (Dictyostelium discoideum)
PYCR1 decamer reduces (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate to L-Pro (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-ketoglutarate + NH4+ + NAD(P)H + H+ <=> glutamate + NAD(P)+ (GLUD1,2) (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
glutamate + NAD(P)+ => alpha-ketoglutarate + NH4+ + NAD(P)H + H+ (GLUD1,2) (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Glyoxylate metabolism and glycine degradation (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Glycine degradation (Dictyostelium discoideum)
DLD dimer:2xFAD oxidises GCSH:DHLL to GCSH:lipoate (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Lysine catabolism (Dictyostelium discoideum)
OADH complex synthesizes glutaryl-CoA from 2-OA (Dictyostelium discoideum)
DHTKD1 dimer decarboxylates 2-OA (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-aminoadipoate semialdehyde + NAD+ => alpha-aminoadipate + NADH + H+ (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
lysine + alpha-ketoglutarate +NADPH + H+ => saccharopine + NADP+ + H2O (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
saccharopine + NAD+ + H2O => alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde + glutamate + NADH + H+ (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Proline catabolism (Dictyostelium discoideum)
PRODH oxidises L-Pro to 1PYR-5COOH (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of lipids (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Fatty acid metabolism (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Fatty acyl-CoA biosynthesis (Dictyostelium discoideum)
2xHSD17B8:2xCBR4 reduces 3OA-ACP to 3HA-ACP (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation (Dictyostelium discoideum)
mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation of saturated fatty acids (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Beta oxidation of decanoyl-CoA to octanoyl-CoA-CoA (Dictyostelium discoideum)
MECR dimer reduces tdec2-CoA to DEC-CoA (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of steroids (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Metabolism of steroid hormones (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Estrogen biosynthesis (Dictyostelium discoideum)
AKR1B15 reduces EST17b to E1 (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of porphyrins (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Heme biosynthesis (Dictyostelium discoideum)
ALAS condenses SUCC-CoA and Gly to form dALA (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
FECH binds Fe2+ to PRIN9 to form heme (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of vitamins and cofactors (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Metabolism of cofactors (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Ubiquinol biosynthesis (Dictyostelium discoideum)
COQ3 methylates DHDB (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ3 methylates DeMQ10H2 (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ4 decarboxylates MHDB (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ5 methylates MDMQ10H2 (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ6 hydroxylates DHB (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ7:COQ9 octamer hydroxylates DMQ10H2 (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of water-soluble vitamins and cofactors (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Cobalamin (Cbl, vitamin B12) transport and metabolism (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Cobalamin (Cbl) metabolism (Dictyostelium discoideum)
MMAB adenosylates cob(I)alamin (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Nicotinate metabolism (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Nicotinamide salvaging (Dictyostelium discoideum)
CARKD dehydrates S-NAD(P)HX to NADPH (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Electron transport from NADPH to Ferredoxin (Dictyostelium discoideum)
FDXR transfers electrons to FDX1,2 (FDX1L) (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
NADPH transfers electrons to FDXR (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of proteins (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Post-translational protein modification (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Protein lipoylation (Dictyostelium discoideum)
LIPT2 transfers octanoyl group to GCSH (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Muscle contraction (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Smooth Muscle Contraction (Dictyostelium discoideum)
ALDH2 transforms GTN to NO (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Neuronal System (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Transmission across Chemical Synapses (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Neurotransmitter clearance (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Serotonin clearance from the synaptic cleft (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Metabolism of serotonin (Dictyostelium discoideum)
5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde to 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Transport of small molecules (Dictyostelium discoideum)
SLC-mediated transmembrane transport (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Transport of inorganic cations/anions and amino acids/oligopeptides (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Organic anion transporters (Dictyostelium discoideum)
SLC25A18,22 import L-Glu, H+ (Dictyostelium discoideum)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Cellular responses to stimuli (Drosophila melanogaster)
Cellular responses to stress (Drosophila melanogaster)
Cellular response to chemical stress (Drosophila melanogaster)
Cytoprotection by HMOX1 (Drosophila melanogaster)
Electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species (Drosophila melanogaster)
SOD2 catalyzes 2H+ + 2O2.- => O2 + H2O2 (mitochondrial matrix) (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
TXNRD2 catalyzes the reduction of TXN2 by NADPH (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Gene expression (Transcription) (Drosophila melanogaster)
RNA Polymerase II Transcription (Drosophila melanogaster)
Generic Transcription Pathway (Drosophila melanogaster)
Transcriptional Regulation by TP53 (Drosophila melanogaster)
TP53 Regulates Metabolic Genes (Drosophila melanogaster)
Electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism (Drosophila melanogaster)
Aerobic respiration and respiratory electron transport (Drosophila melanogaster)
Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle) (Drosophila melanogaster)
CS acetylates OA to citrate (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
MDH2 dimer dehydrogenates MAL (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
OGDH complex synthesizes succinyl-CoA from 2-OG (Drosophila melanogaster)
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
OGDH dimer decarboxylates 2-OG (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Formation of ATP by chemiosmotic coupling (Drosophila melanogaster)
Enzyme-bound ATP is released (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mitochondrial Uncoupling (Drosophila melanogaster)
AAC1 imports a proton (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Pyruvate metabolism (Drosophila melanogaster)
FAHD1 dimer hydrolyses OA to PYR (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
LDHAL6B reduces PYR to LACT (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PC carboxylates PYR to OA (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PDH complex synthesizes acetyl-CoA from PYR (Drosophila melanogaster)
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PDH E1 decarboxylates PYR, transferring acetyl to DLAT (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Regulation of pyruvate metabolism (Drosophila melanogaster)
Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex (Drosophila melanogaster)
GSTZ1 dimer dehalogenates DCA (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
PDK isozymes phosphorylate PDHC subunit E1 (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Respiratory electron transport (Drosophila melanogaster)
Complex I oxidises NADH to NAD+, reduces CoQ to CoQH2 (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
ETFDH oxidises ETF (reduced) to ETF, reduces CoQ to CoQH2 (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c of complex III (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Malate-aspartate shuttle (Drosophila melanogaster)
MDH2 dimer dehydrogenates MAL (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC25A12,13 exchange L-Glu and L-Asp (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC25A18,22 import L-Glu, H+ (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Biological oxidations (Drosophila melanogaster)
Phase I - Functionalization of compounds (Drosophila melanogaster)
Ethanol oxidation (Drosophila melanogaster)
ALDH1B1 tetramer oxidises CH3CHO to CH3COOH (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
acetaldehyde + NAD+ => acetate + NADH + H+ [mitochondrial] (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives (Drosophila melanogaster)
Aspartate and asparagine metabolism (Drosophila melanogaster)
SLC25A12,13 exchange L-Glu and L-Asp (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Branched-chain amino acid catabolism (Drosophila melanogaster)
BCKDH synthesizes BCAA-CoA from KIC, KMVA, KIV (Drosophila melanogaster)
BCKDHA:BCKDHB tetramer decarboxylates KIC, KMVA, KIV (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methyl-beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA + NAD+ <=> alpha-methylacetoacetyl-CoA + NADH + H+ (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methylacetoacetyl-CoA + NADH + H+ <=> alpha-methyl-beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA + NAD+ (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-methylbutyryl-CoA + FAD => tiglyl-CoA + FADH2 (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + NAD+ <=> methylmalonyl semialdehyde + NADH + H+ (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA + H2O => beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + CoA (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA + ATP + HCO3- <=> beta-methylglutaconyl-CoA + ADP + orthophosphate + H2O (MCCA) (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
beta-methylglutaconyl-CoA + ADP + orthophosphate <=> beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA + ATP + HCO3- (MCCA) (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
isovaleryl-CoA + FAD => beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA + FADH2 (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
methylmalonate semialdehyde + NAD+ + CoA + H2O => propionyl-CoA + HCO3- + NADH + H+ (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
methylmalonyl semialdehyde + NADH + H+ <=> beta-hydroxyisobutyrate + NAD+ (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Glutamate and glutamine metabolism (Drosophila melanogaster)
PYCR1 decamer reduces (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate to L-Pro (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-ketoglutarate + NH4+ + NAD(P)H + H+ <=> glutamate + NAD(P)+ (GLUD1,2) (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
glutamate + ATP + NADPH + H+ => L-glutamate gamma-semialdehyde + NADP+ + ADP + orthophosphate [P5CS] (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
glutamate + NAD(P)+ => alpha-ketoglutarate + NH4+ + NAD(P)H + H+ (GLUD1,2) (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Glyoxylate metabolism and glycine degradation (Drosophila melanogaster)
Glycine degradation (Drosophila melanogaster)
DLD dimer:2xFAD oxidises GCSH:DHLL to GCSH:lipoate (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Lysine catabolism (Drosophila melanogaster)
HYKK phosphorylates 5HLYS (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
OADH complex synthesizes glutaryl-CoA from 2-OA (Drosophila melanogaster)
DHTKD1 dimer decarboxylates 2-OA (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
DLD dimer dehydrogenates dihydrolipoyl (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
alpha-aminoadipoate semialdehyde + NAD+ => alpha-aminoadipate + NADH + H+ (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
lysine + alpha-ketoglutarate +NADPH + H+ => saccharopine + NADP+ + H2O (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
saccharopine + NAD+ + H2O => alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde + glutamate + NADH + H+ (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Proline catabolism (Drosophila melanogaster)
PRODH oxidises L-Pro to 1PYR-5COOH (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Sulfur amino acid metabolism (Drosophila melanogaster)
Degradation of cysteine and homocysteine (Drosophila melanogaster)
Sulfide oxidation to sulfate (Drosophila melanogaster)
Persulfide sulfur is dioxygenated (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of carbohydrates (Drosophila melanogaster)
Glucose metabolism (Drosophila melanogaster)
Gluconeogenesis (Drosophila melanogaster)
PC carboxylates PYR to OA (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of lipids (Drosophila melanogaster)
Fatty acid metabolism (Drosophila melanogaster)
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation (Drosophila melanogaster)
mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation of saturated fatty acids (Drosophila melanogaster)
Beta oxidation of decanoyl-CoA to octanoyl-CoA-CoA (Drosophila melanogaster)
MECR dimer reduces tdec2-CoA to DEC-CoA (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of myristoyl-CoA to lauroyl-CoA (Drosophila melanogaster)
(S)-3-Hydroxytetradecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxotetradecanoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Beta oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA to myristoyl-CoA (Drosophila melanogaster)
(S)-3-Hydroxyhexadecanoyl-CoA+NAD<=>3-Oxopalmitoyl-CoA+NADH+H (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Ketone body metabolism (Drosophila melanogaster)
Synthesis of Ketone Bodies (Drosophila melanogaster)
acetoacetic acid + NADH + H+ <=> beta-hydroxybutyrate + NAD+ (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Utilization of Ketone Bodies (Drosophila melanogaster)
D-beta hydroxybutyrate+NAD+ <=> acetoacetate+NADH+H+ (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of steroids (Drosophila melanogaster)
Metabolism of steroid hormones (Drosophila melanogaster)
Estrogen biosynthesis (Drosophila melanogaster)
AKR1B15 reduces EST17b to E1 (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of porphyrins (Drosophila melanogaster)
Heme biosynthesis (Drosophila melanogaster)
ALAS condenses SUCC-CoA and Gly to form dALA (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
FECH binds Fe2+ to PRIN9 to form heme (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of vitamins and cofactors (Drosophila melanogaster)
Metabolism of cofactors (Drosophila melanogaster)
Ubiquinol biosynthesis (Drosophila melanogaster)
COQ3 methylates DHDB (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ3 methylates DeMQ10H2 (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ4 decarboxylates MHDB (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ5 methylates MDMQ10H2 (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ6 hydroxylates DHB (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
COQ7:COQ9 octamer hydroxylates DMQ10H2 (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of water-soluble vitamins and cofactors (Drosophila melanogaster)
Metabolism of folate and pterines (Drosophila melanogaster)
ALDH1L2 dehydrogenates 10-formyl-THFPG to THFPG (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Nicotinate metabolism (Drosophila melanogaster)
NADK2 dimer phosphorylates NAD+ to NADP+ (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Nicotinamide salvaging (Drosophila melanogaster)
CARKD dehydrates S-NAD(P)HX to NADPH (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis (Drosophila melanogaster)
Electron transport from NADPH to Ferredoxin (Drosophila melanogaster)
FDXR transfers electrons to FDX1,2 (FDX1L) (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
NADPH transfers electrons to FDXR (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide (Drosophila melanogaster)
Carbonic anhydrase dehydrates bicarbonate (mitochondria) (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Carbonic anhydrase hydrates carbon dioxide (mitochondria) (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of proteins (Drosophila melanogaster)
Post-translational protein modification (Drosophila melanogaster)
Protein lipoylation (Drosophila melanogaster)
LIAS synthesizes lipoyl-GCSH (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
LIPT2 transfers octanoyl group to GCSH (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Muscle contraction (Drosophila melanogaster)
Smooth Muscle Contraction (Drosophila melanogaster)
ALDH2 transforms GTN to NO (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Neuronal System (Drosophila melanogaster)
Transmission across Chemical Synapses (Drosophila melanogaster)
Neurotransmitter clearance (Drosophila melanogaster)
Serotonin clearance from the synaptic cleft (Drosophila melanogaster)
Metabolism of serotonin (Drosophila melanogaster)
5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde to 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Neurotransmitter release cycle (Drosophila melanogaster)
GABA synthesis, release, reuptake and degradation (Drosophila melanogaster)
Degradation of GABA (Drosophila melanogaster)
ALDH5A1 dehydrogenates SUCCSA to SUCCA (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Signal Transduction (Drosophila melanogaster)
Signaling by Nuclear Receptors (Drosophila melanogaster)
Signaling by Retinoic Acid (Drosophila melanogaster)
PDK isozymes phosphorylate PDHC subunit E1 (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Transport of small molecules (Drosophila melanogaster)
Ion channel transport (Drosophila melanogaster)
Stimuli-sensing channels (Drosophila melanogaster)
SLC9B2 exchanges Na+ for H+ (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Iron uptake and transport (Drosophila melanogaster)
FTMT 24mer oxidises 4Fe2+ to 4Fe(3+)O(OH) (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC-mediated transmembrane transport (Drosophila melanogaster)
Transport of inorganic cations/anions and amino acids/oligopeptides (Drosophila melanogaster)
Organic anion transporters (Drosophila melanogaster)
SLC25A18,22 import L-Glu, H+ (Drosophila melanogaster)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Cellular responses to stimuli (Gallus gallus)
Cellular responses to stress (Gallus gallus)
Cellular response to chemical stress (Gallus gallus)
Cytoprotection by HMOX1 (Gallus gallus)
Electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species (Gallus gallus)
GSR catalyzes glutathione (oxidized) + NADPH + H+ => 2 glutathione (reduced) + NADP+ (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SOD2 catalyzes 2H+ + 2O2.- => O2 + H2O2 (mitochondrial matrix) (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
TXNRD2 catalyzes the reduction of TXN2 by NADPH (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Gene expression (Transcription) (Gallus gallus)
RNA Polymerase II Transcription (Gallus gallus)
Generic Transcription Pathway (Gallus gallus)
Transcriptional Regulation by TP53 (Gallus gallus)
TP53 Regulates Metabolic Genes (Gallus gallus)
Electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism (Gallus gallus)
Carbohydrate metabolism (Gallus gallus)
Gluconeogenesis (Gallus gallus)
oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ <=> malate + NAD+ (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Heme synthesis (Gallus gallus)
protoporphyrin IX + Fe++ => heme + 2 H+ (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Lipid metabolism (Gallus gallus)
oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ <=> malate + NAD+ (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Pyruvate metabolism (Gallus gallus)
pyruvate + CoASH + NAD+ => acetylCoA + CO2 + NADH + H+ (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
pyruvate + H+ [cytosol] => pyruvate + H+ [mitochondrial matrix] (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
The tricarboxylic acid cycle (Gallus gallus)
2-oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) + CoASH + NAD+ => succinylCoA + CO2 + NADH + H+ (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
isocitrate + NAD+ => 2-oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) + CO2 + NADH + H+ (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
malate + NAD+ <=> oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolism of proteins (Gallus gallus)
Post-translational protein modification (Gallus gallus)
Protein lipoylation (Gallus gallus)
LIAS synthesizes lipoyl-GCSH (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
LIPT2 transfers octanoyl group to GCSH (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Muscle contraction (Gallus gallus)
Smooth Muscle Contraction (Gallus gallus)
ALDH2 transforms GTN to NO (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Neuronal System (Gallus gallus)
Transmission across Chemical Synapses (Gallus gallus)
Neurotransmitter clearance (Gallus gallus)
Serotonin clearance from the synaptic cleft (Gallus gallus)
Metabolism of serotonin (Gallus gallus)
5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde to 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Neurotransmitter release cycle (Gallus gallus)
GABA synthesis, release, reuptake and degradation (Gallus gallus)
Degradation of GABA (Gallus gallus)
ALDH5A1 dehydrogenates SUCCSA to SUCCA (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Signal Transduction (Gallus gallus)
Signaling by Nuclear Receptors (Gallus gallus)
Signaling by Retinoic Acid (Gallus gallus)
PDK isozymes phosphorylate PDHC subunit E1 (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Transport of small molecules (Gallus gallus)
Ion channel transport (Gallus gallus)
Stimuli-sensing channels (Gallus gallus)
SLC9B2 exchanges Na+ for H+ (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Iron uptake and transport (Gallus gallus)
FTMT 24mer oxidises 4Fe2+ to 4Fe(3+)O(OH) (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SLC-mediated transmembrane transport (Gallus gallus)
Transport of inorganic cations/anions and amino acids/oligopeptides (Gallus gallus)
Organic anion transporters (Gallus gallus)
SLC25A18,22 import L-Glu, H+ (Gallus gallus)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Cellular responses to stimuli (Homo sapiens)
Cellular responses to stress (Homo sapiens)
Cellular response to chemical stress (Homo sapiens)
Cytoprotection by HMOX1 (Homo sapiens)
Electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen (Homo sapiens)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species (Homo sapiens)
GSR catalyzes glutathione (oxidized) + NADPH + H+ => 2 glutathione (reduced) + NADP+ (Homo sapiens)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
SOD2 catalyzes 2H+ + 2O2.- => O2 + H2O2 (mitochondrial matrix) (Homo sapiens)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
TXNRD2 catalyzes the reduction of TXN2 by NADPH (Homo sapiens)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Disease (Homo sapiens)
Diseases of metabolism (Homo sapiens)
Diseases of branched-chain amino acid catabolism (Homo sapiens)
Maple Syrup Urine Disease (Homo sapiens)
Loss-of-function mutations in BCKDHA or BCKDHB cause MSUD (Homo sapiens)
BCKDHA or BCKDHB loss-of-function mutants don't synthesize BCAA-CoA (Homo sapiens)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Metabolic disorders of biological oxidation enzymes (Homo sapiens)
Defective CYP11A1 causes AICSR (Homo sapiens)
Defective CYP11A1 does not cleave 20a,22b-DHCHOL (Homo sapiens)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Defective CYP11B1 causes AH4 (Homo sapiens)
Defective CYP11B1 does not oxidise 11DCORT (Homo sapiens)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]
Defective CYP11B2 causes CMO-1 deficiency (Homo sapiens)
Defective CYP11B2 does not oxidise 11DCORST (Homo sapiens)
H+ [mitochondrial matrix]