New and Updated Topics and Pathways. Topics with new or revised pathways in this release include Disease (Dengue virus infection, Diseases of urea cycle, Enterobacterial factors antagonize host defense, NS1-mediated effects on host pathways, and SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses), Gene expression (Epigenetic regulation of gene expression by MLL3 and MLL4 complexes and Epigenetic regulation of adipogenesis genes by MLL3 and MLL4) Immune System (GBP-mediated host defense), Metabolism (ATF6B (ATF6-beta) activates chaperones, Cholesterol biosynthesis via desmosterol (Bloch pathway), Cytosolic sulfonation of small molecules, Estrogen biosynthesis, Regulation of glucokinase by glucokinase regulatory protein, Urea cycle), Metabolism of proteins (Ribosome-associated quality control), Metabolism of RNA (mRNA polyadenylation, Nuclear RNA decay) and Vesicle-mediated transport (Scavenging by class B receptors).
New and Updated Illustrations. New or revised illustrations with embedded navigation features have been created for Antiviral mechanism by IFN-stimulated genes, Dengue virus infection, Diseases of Metabolism, Diseases of urea cycle, OTC variants cause OTC deficiency, and Viral infection pathways.
Thanks to our Contributors. Rhea Ahluwalia is our external author and Marvin Aberin, Satoko Arai, Fernando Roque Ascenção, Oliver Daumke, David P Hill, Seyed Mehdi Jafarnejad, Joy Khag, Daniel Santos Mansur, Tom McGirr, Toru Miyazaki, Sisira Kadambat Nair, Liang Tong, and Shu-Ping Wang are our external reviewers.
Annotation Statistics. Reactome comprises 16,200 human reactions organized into 2,848 pathways involving 32,318 proteins and modified forms of proteins encoded by 11,429 different human genes, 16,031 complexes, 2,183 small molecules, and 1,085 drugs. These annotations are supported by 42,098 literature references. We have projected these reactions onto 83,074 orthologous proteins, creating 20,429 orthologous pathways in 14 non-human species. Version 95 has annotations for 5750 protein variants (mutated proteins) and their post-translationally modified forms, derived from 399 proteins, which have contributed to the annotation of 2040 disease-specific reactions and 781 pathways. Our Illustration library now includes 2,500 icons and over 200 high level interactive pathway Illustrations.
Other news:
As of Reactome V94, the following files will no longer be available: “Protégé 2.0 ontology files”, and “Events in the BioPAX level 2 format”. If you require these files for your work, please let our team know via This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
Tools and Data. Our services and software tools are designed for biologists, bioinformaticians, and software developers. Pathway data is available to view in our Pathway Browser, to analyze your own dataset, to download, and access programmatically through our Content and Analysis Services. The Reactome FIViz app and ReactomeGSA package provide tools for multi-omics data analysis. The idg.reactome.org Web Portal provides a collection of web-based tools to help researchers place understudied proteins in a pathway context.
Reactome is excited to announce the beta release of our redesigned Pathway Browser. This major update delivers a modernized user interface (UI) and user experience (UX), along with new visualization and analysis features. Please provide us with your feedback.
Documentation and Training. Visit our online User Guide to access documentation supporting pathway analysis of experimental data. The Developer's Zone provides detailed documentation regarding our software, tools, and web services. Training and learning materials can be found here.
About the Reactome Project. Reactome is a collaboration between groups at the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Oregon Health and Science University, New York University Langone Medical Center, and The EMBL - European Bioinformatics Institute. Reactome is both an ELIXIR Core Data Resource and a Global Core Biodata Resource and has been certified as a Trustworthy Data Repository by the CoreTrustSeal Standards and Certification Board.
Reactome annotation files and interaction data derived from Reactome are distributed under a Creative Commons Public Domain (CC0 1.0 Universal) Licence. A Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License applies to all software and code, database data dumps, and Pathway Illustrations (Enhanced High-Level Diagrams), Icon Library, Art, and Branding Materials. A full description of the new and updated content is available on the Reactome website.
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For more information: If you have a question, want to provide feedback, or are interested in collaborating with us to annotate a topic, please contact us at This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
